Recombinant Human NR0B1 / Dax1 protein (ab152174)

Orphan nuclear receptor. Component of a cascade required for the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis. Acts as a coregulatory protein that inhibits the transcriptional activity of other nuclear receptors through heterodimeric interactions. May also have a role in the development of the embryo and in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency.

Defects in NR0B1 are the cause of X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenital (XL-AHC) [MIM:300200]; also known as X-linked Addison disease (AHX). XL-AHC is a developmental disorder of the adrenal gland that results in profound hormonal deficiencies and is lethal if untreated. It is characterized by the absence of the permanent zone of the adrenal cortex and by a structural disorganization of the glands. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) is frequently associated with this disorder. HHG is a condition resulting from or characterized by abnormally decreased gonadal function, with retardation of growth and sexual development.
Defects in NR0B1 are the cause of 46,XY sex reversal type 2 (SRXY2) [MIM:300018]. It is a condition characterized by male-to-female sex reversal in the presence of a normal 46,XY karyotype. Note=XY individuals with a duplication of part of the short arm of the X chromosome and an intact SRY gene develop as females. The single X chromosome in these individuals does not undergo X-chromosome inactivation; therefore, these individuals presumably carry 2 active copies of genes, including the NR0B1 gene, in the duplicated region. Individuals with deletion of this region develop as males. Genes within the dosage-sensitive sex reversal region are, therefore, not essential for testis development, but, when present in a double dose, interfere with testis formation.

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR0 subfamily.

Homodimerization involved an interaction between amino and carboxy termini involving LXXLL motifs and steroid binding domain (AF-2 motif). Heterodimerizes with NR5A1 and NROB2 through its N-terminal LXXLL motifs.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Homodimers exits in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus.